- COMMON SIGNS & SYMPTOMS:
- Lower respiratory tract infection, high-grade fever, dyspnea, cough, sputum production, or hypoxia & chest x-ray opacity.
- SPECIMEN TYPES:
- SWAB
- Nasopharyngeal/Nares, Oropharynx/Throat/Oral, Cough Sputum
- BACTERIAL
- Acinetobacter baumannii
- Enterobacter cloacae complex, Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes
- Escherichia coli
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Klebsiella pneumoniae, oxytoca
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Proteus mirabilis, vulgaris
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Serratia marcescens
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Strep)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Strep)
- Atypical Bacteria
Bordetella pertussis, parapertussis, bronchiseptica
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Legionella pneumophila
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Viral
Adenovirus
Coronaviruses (229E, HKU1, NL63, & OC43)
COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)
Enterovirus D68
Human metapneumovirus
Influenza virus A, B
Parainfluenza virus (types 1, 2, 3, 4)
Respiratory syncytial virus
Rhinovirus/Enterovirus
- RESISTANCE
ACT, MIR, FOX, ACC Groups
CTX-M1 (15), M2 (2), M9 (9), M8/25 Groups
dfr (A1, A5), sul (1, 2)
ermB, C; mefA)
IMP, NDM, VIM Groups
mecA
OXA-48, OXA-51
qnrA1, A2, B2
SHV, KPC Groups
tet B, tet M